Совместимые карточки: https://elinux.org/RPi_VerifiedPeripherals#USB_Sound_Cards

Use USB Sound Card in Raspberry Pi

а тут какая-то упоротая задротская фигня по натсрпойки линукс-звука:

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture

How can I use an external USB sound-card and set it as default?

Sound Blaster Play!3

sudo dmesg

[    2.347122] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=041e, idProduct=324d, bcdDevice= 1.06
[    2.350236] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[    2.353216] usb 1-1.1: Product: Sound Blaster Play! 3
[    2.355310] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Creative Technology Ltd
[    2.357342] usb 1-1.1: SerialNumber: 00110624
[    2.411605] input: Creative Technology Ltd Sound Blaster Play! 3 Consumer Control as /devices/platform/soc/20980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.3/0003:041E:324D.0001/input/input0

[    2.494848] hid-generic 0003:041E:324D.0001: input,hiddev96,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Device [Creative Technology Ltd Sound Blaster Play! 3] on usb-20980000.usb-1.1/input3

1. выключить встроенную:

   /boot/config.txt: dtparam=audio=off

   альтернативный спосбоб: Disable the Built-in Sound Card of Raspberry Pi

2. проверить, что карточка загрузилась: lsmod | grep snd_usb_audio

3. чекнуть: speaker-test -Dhw:1,0 -c2 -twav

4. поставить дефолтной карточкой

   cat << EOF | tee ~/.asoundrc
   
   pcm.!default {
           type hw
           card 1
   }
   
   ctl.!default {
           type hw
           card 1
   }
   EOF
   

   sudo vim /usr/share/alsa/alsa.conf

   defaults.ctl.card 1
   defaults.pcm.card 1